㈠ oracle鏁版嵁搴撳備綍澶囦唤鍜岃繕鍘
Oracle鏁版嵁搴撶殑澶囦唤鍜岃繕鍘熸槸涓涓娑夊強澶氫釜姝ラょ殑杩囩▼锛岄氬父鍖呮嫭瀹屾暣澶囦唤銆佸為噺澶囦唤銆佸綊妗ｆ棩蹇楀囦唤浠ュ強鍒╃敤杩欎簺澶囦唤杩涜屾暟鎹搴撴仮澶嶃備笅闈㈢畝杩癘racle鏁版嵁搴撶殑澶囦唤涓庤繕鍘熺殑鍩烘湰娴佺▼锛
澶囦唤
1. 瀹屾暣澶囦唤 (Full Backup)•鎵嬪伐澶囦唤锛•瀵逛簬鏁版嵁鏂囦欢锛屽彲浠ョ洿鎺ュ湪鎿嶄綔绯荤粺绾у埆澶嶅埗鏁版嵁鏂囦欢 (.dbf) 鍜屾帶鍒舵枃浠 (.ctl)锛屽苟澶囦唤鍒濆嬪寲鍙傛暟鏂囦欢 (spfile.ora 鎴 init.ora)銆•瀵逛簬褰掓。鏃ュ織锛屽湪Oracle鏁版嵁搴撻厤缃涓哄綊妗ｆā寮忔椂锛屼篃瑕佸嶅埗褰掓。鏃ュ織鏂囦欢 (.arc 鎴 .log) 鍒板畨鍏ㄤ綅缃銆•RMAN锛圧ecovery Manager锛夊囦唤锛•浣跨敤Oracle Recovery Manager宸ュ叿鎵ц屽叏搴撳囦唤锛屼緥濡傦細 RUN {
BACKUP DATABASE;
-- 濡傛灉鏄褰掓。妯″紡锛岃繕闇瑕佸囦唤褰掓。鏃ュ織
BACKUP ARCHIVELOG ALL;
}
2. 澧為噺澶囦唤 (Incremental Backup)•RMAN鏀鎸佷笉鍚岀骇鍒鐨勫為噺澶囦唤锛屽傜疮璁″為噺澶囦唤鍜屽樊寮傚為噺澶囦唤锛屽彲浠ユ牴鎹鏇存敼閲忔潵鍑忓皯澶囦唤鎵闇鐨勭┖闂村拰鏃堕棿銆傝繕鍘熶笌鎭㈠3. 杩樺師 (Restore)•褰撴暟鎹搴撻渶瑕佹仮澶嶆椂锛岄栧厛瑕佹牴鎹鎯呭喌閫夋嫨鍚堥傜殑澶囦唤杩涜岃繕鍘熸搷浣溿 •鎵嬪伐杩樺師锛•灏嗗畬鏁寸殑鏁版嵁鏂囦欢浠庡囦唤浣嶇疆澶嶅埗鍥炲師濮嬫暟鎹鏂囦欢璺寰勩•濡傛湁蹇呰侊紝杩樺師褰掓。鏃ュ織銆•RMAN杩樺師锛•浣跨敤RMAN鍛戒护鎭㈠嶆暟鎹鏂囦欢锛 RESTORE DATABASE;
•鎴栬呴拡瀵圭壒瀹氭枃浠讹細 RESTORE DATAFILE 'file_name.dbf';
4. 鎭㈠ (Recover)•杩樺師鍙鏄灏嗗囦唤鐨勬暟鎹鏂囦欢鏀惧洖姝ｇ‘鐨勪綅缃锛岃屾仮澶嶅垯鏄搴旂敤蹇呰佺殑redo鏃ュ織锛岀‘淇濇暟鎹搴撹兘鎭㈠嶈嚦涓鑷存х姸鎬併•鍦ㄥ畬鎴愯繕鍘熷悗锛屼娇鐢≧MAN鎵ц屾仮澶嶆搷浣滐細RECOVER DATABASE;
•濡傛灉鏄浠庡囦唤鐐规仮澶嶈嚦鐗瑰畾鏃堕棿鐐癸紝鍒欓渶瑕佹寚瀹歎NTIL閫夐」锛屽苟缁撳悎褰掓。鏃ュ織杩涜屾椂闂寸偣鎭㈠嶃5. 浠嬭川鎭㈠•鍦ㄥ彂鐢熶粙璐ㄦ晠闅滄椂锛屽彲鑳介渶瑕佺粨鍚堝綊妗ｆ棩蹇楄繘琛屽墠婊氭仮澶嶏紙Forward Recovery锛夛紝纭淇濇暟鎹搴撳寘鍚鎵鏈夊凡鎻愪氦浜嬪姟鐨勬暟鎹锛屽苟涓旀竻鐞嗘湭鎻愪氦浜嬪姟銆•浣跨敤RMAN杩涜屼粙璐ㄦ仮澶嶇ず渚嬶紙绠鍖栫増锛夛細RESTORE DATABASE FROM DISK '/backup/full_backup';
RECOVER DATABASE UNTIL TIME 'SYSDATE - 1'; -- 鎭㈠嶅埌鍓嶄竴澶╃殑绯荤粺鏃堕棿
6. 鎵撳紑鏁版嵁搴•瀹屾垚鎭㈠嶅悗锛屾ｅ父鎯呭喌涓嬶紝闇瑕佹敼鍙樻暟鎹搴撶殑鐘舵佷互渚垮簲鐢ㄥ彲浠ヨ块棶锛 ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
璇锋敞鎰忎互涓婃ラや粎涓哄熀鏈娴佺▼姒傝堪锛屽疄闄呮搷浣滀腑闇瑕佹牴鎹鍏蜂綋鐨凮racle鐗堟湰銆佹暟鎹搴撻厤缃銆佸囦唤绛栫暐鍜岀伨闅炬仮澶嶉渶姹傝皟鏁村叿浣撳懡浠ゅ拰鎿嶄綔銆傛ゅ栵紝澶囦唤鍜屾仮澶嶈繃绋嬩腑锛岃繕瑕佸厖鍒嗚冭檻澶囦唤楠岃瘉銆佹祴璇曟仮澶嶈″垝绛夊洜绱狅紝纭淇濇暟鎹瀹夊叏鍜屽彲鐢ㄦ
㈡ oracle有哪些备份方式
三种方法：冷备份、热备份和Export导出数据库对象备份